At least since the Enlightenment, Western culture has been in the echo chambers of autonomy and its ethos of a rational, active, and ultimately self-creating and self-serving individual subject. Unlike in antiquity, when the fragile relation between otium and negotium was thought fundamental for the well-being of the (free) individual and society, today inactivity has become an increasingly problematic and, to a certain extent, morally and politically destabilizing category. Not too surprisingly, the French socialist Paul Lafargue’s claim that, next to the right to work, there should be a ‘right to be lazy’ (1883) was harshly criticized. His position, inspired by ancient philosophy, was reproached by socialist and capitalist perspectives. Significantly, in today’s age of hyperactivity, 24/7 accessibility, and accelerationism, one hears of the need to slow down, to do less (or indeed nothing at all), and to contemplate. The interest in (in)action — slow cinema, and even slow food and other so-called practices of ‘self-care’ — becomes steadily more important to artistic practices and in academic discourses. But what are the narratives behind this development? Are there different forms of inaction, some perceived as ‘productive’, and others as ‘destructive’? Can inaction be a progressive gesture ‘of doing’ at a moment when classical ‘actions’ have exhausted themselves? Would that also apply to a hypercapitalized and accelerated art market and exhibition system?
This workshop aims to critically examine artistic, literary, philosophical, and political strategies and practices of inaction. It looks at how these practices, on one hand, work against dominant cultural and political narratives and, on the other, are absorbed by capitalism and ultimately become neoliberal adjuncts to prevailing economic and political systems. The focus of the workshop will be on artistic and aesthetic practices from the early twentieth century until today, since they offer a particularly fertile testing ground for thinking through strategies of action and inaction. One example might be found with so-called unofficial artists, writers, and intellectuals in totalitarian or post-totalitarian systems. They could not afford to protest in plain sight and thus often chose non-assuming and perhaps counter-intuitive strategies like leisure, ambivalence, and irony for staging their resistance. Also, Eastern European performance art, for example, has long demonstrated that inaction can structure the artist’s presence as much as (if not more eloquently than) action. Here, the typical action, which with its Western connotations is often imagined to lead to a romanticized version of revolution, is subverted.
At the same time, conceptualizing inaction as an agent of change — also in the sense of contemplation as basis of creativity — comes with its pitfalls. When does inaction simply become a willful act of ignorance? As Hannah Arendt has elucidated, we have been witnesses to mass atrocities that we have refused to acknowledge, which alerts us to exercise caution when it comes to doing nothing. In this light, individual positions like ‘opting out’ and departing from sociopolitical life (e.g., abstaining from voting) become highly problematic. After all, who is free to ‘opt out’ and who remains helplessly stuck?
Also of interest are cultural and artistic practices that thematize inactivity as forms of resistance, resilience, or counter-movement in the broader field of heritage discourses, conservation, and art history, as well as within the museum context. The aim is to discuss, on the one hand, whether decay is understood as a kind of inactivity that causes a revaluation of objects, sites, and practices in terms of negation or negotiation. On the other hand, the aim is to interrogate how to interpret inactivity regarding questioned monuments, events, and places without sticking to the binarity of ‘productive’ or ‘destructive’ discourses. Does decay as process — and/or doing nothing as practice in the above-mentioned fields — also become an agent of change or, referring to the Aristotelian philosophy, counter-energeia in times of political and ecological crises?
The historical longue durée — starting with vita contemplativa and its contemporary relevance and adaptability — and the conceptual complexity of ‘inactivity’ require further analysis. Many of inactivity’s manifestations in artistic and aesthetic practices, in political actions, and in everyday life forms remain undertheorized. The interest of the workshop is therefore in concrete, historically-grounded case studies and broader systematic-methodological approaches that help us conceptualize and re-vise well-known narratives of inactivity, mostly in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries but also in accounts that tackle the longue durée.
In English
14:00–14:30
Hana Gründler and Antje Kempe
Welcome and Introduction
From Withdrawal to Distraction
Chair: Simon Godart
14:30–15:00
Helen Lewandowski
‘Powerful’ and ‘Interesting’: Photojournalism and Aesthetics in Luc Delahaye’s Work
15:00–15:30
Jakub Marek
The Right to Be Distracted. On the Problem of Inactivity, Focus, and Distraction
15:30 Coffee Break
Abandonment and Evasion
Chair: David Ventura
16:00–16:30
Ewa Macura-Nnamdi
Abandoned Lives: On Inaction in Wolfgang Fischer’s Styx
16:30–17:00
Wing Ki Lee
Tang Ping and Contemporary Sinophone: Subconsciousness, Subtext, and Subdue
17:00 Coffee Break
Productive Inactivity?
Chair: Emir Yigit
17:30–18:00
Tobias Ertl
Artistic Inactivism: Conceptual Art and Modernity’s Productivist Paradigm
18:00–18:30
Anne Gräfe
The Ambiguity of In/Activity in John Knights “The Right to be Lazy”
18:30 Break
19:00 Evening Lecture
Moderated by Hana Gründler
D. Graham Burnett
Apophatic Activism. Science, Politics, and Silence in the 1960s
Retraction
Chair: Valerio Aparo
9:30–10:00
Michael Krimper
“Le désœuvré, l’oisif”: The Unemployed Writer from Benjamin to Bataille
10:00–10:30
Amanda Wasielewski
Never Work Again: Creative Labor, AI and Radical Retreat
10:30 Coffee Break
Apathy and Resistance
Chair: Oliver Aas
11:00–11:30
Josip Klaić
Gorgona Group: Inactivity as Resistance to the Socialist Regime
11:30–12:00
Renata Salecl
Apathy, Inactivity, and Alienation: The Three Virtues of Neo-Liberalism
12:00 Lunch Break
On Doing Nothing and Slowing Down
Chair: Michal Zechariah
13:30–14:00
Ellie Power
Aimless Drifting and Slowness in Urban Films
14:00–14.30
J. Igor Fardin and Richard Lee Peragine
(In)activity and Architecture: “doing nothing apart from…”
14:30 Coffee Break
(Not) Sleeping
Chair: Magdalena Nieslony
15:00–15:30
Angelica Stathopoulos (online)
Bad Sleep as Moral Good
15:30
Anne Glassner, Performance and Lecture
Active Sleep! I’m Going to Rest
Organized by
Oliver Aas, Hana Gründler, Antje Kempe, and Barbara Kristina Murovec
A Workshop of the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz – Max-Planck-Institut, Research Group ‘Ethico-Aesthetics of the Visual’ and University Greifswald, Interdisciplinary Centre for Baltic Sea Region Research, in Cooperation with the ICI Berlin
With
D. Graham Burnett
Tobias Ertl
Anne Glassner
Anne Gräfe
Josip Klaić
Michael Krimper
Wing Ki Lee
Helen Lewandowski
Ewa Macura-Nnamdi
Jakub Marek
Richard Lee Peragine & J. Igor Fardin
Ellie Power
Renata Salecl
Angelica Stathopoulos
Amanda Wasielewski
Image credit: Mladen Stilinović, Artist at Work, 1978 (detail), 8 b/w photographs
© Branka Stipančić, Zagreb